Guide
What are chalky teeth?
The term describes teeth whose enamel took up too little mineral as it formed. The clinical name is molar incisor hypomineralisation, or MIH.
Why “chalky”
Affected enamel looks dull and opaque rather than glassy, which is where the everyday name comes from. It is also softer and more porous than healthy enamel, which makes it more sensitive and more prone to decay.
It typically affects the first permanent molars, and sometimes the permanent front teeth as well. Studies in Germany show that a notable share of twelve-year-olds have at least one affected tooth.
Where does it come from?
The cause is still not settled. Influences during pregnancy and in the first years of life are discussed — the period in which the enamel of these teeth is formed.
What is certain: MIH is not caused by poor brushing and is not contagious. It is not the parents' fault.
What to do now
- Have it assessed early, as soon as the new molars come through.
- Take sensitivity seriously — it often explains refusal to brush.
- Build up protection, usually through more frequent fluoride application.
- Review regularly, because the situation can change.
How treatment is staged by severity is described on chalky teeth (MIH).
Related treatments
Chalky teeth (MIH)
Porous enamel with sharply outlined patches, often sensitive and prone to decay. Treatment depends on severity.
Learn more
Fluoride treatment
Fluoride varnish makes enamel more resistant. How often it is worth applying depends on cavity risk.
Learn more
Spotted patches?
Last updated on 26 August 2026